Category Archives: Operating Systems

Basic Git commands

Git installs as a normal package on Ubuntu:

sudo apt-get install git

Configuring Git user is an optional step:

git config --global user.email "you@example.com"
git config --global user.name "Your Name"

Type the following command to create an empty repository wherever your code is:

cd ~
git init

(more…)

Setting up Shared Hosting with Nginx on Ubuntu – step by step guide

This is a draft version of the post. It’ll be revised.

Installing Ubuntu Server

  1. Download the latest version of Ubuntu Server. Note that it is not possible to convert Ubuntu 32 bit to 64 bit. The only way is to do a clean install.
  2. Create a bootable USB stick using Pen Drive Linux’s USB Installer.
  3. Boot up from USB and install Ubuntu Server. During the installation you can switch to terminal mode by pressing Alt+F2 and switch back by pressing Alt+F1.

Update the server:

aptitude update
aptitude safe-upgrade

(more…)

How to configure IIS to host an FTP site on Windows 7

Go to Control Panel->Programs and Features->Turn Windows features on or off, select FTP Service and IIS Management Console under Internet Information Services and press OK button:

FTP site on Windows 7 - install

(more…)

Installing and configuring FTP server on Ubuntu

Install FTP server:

apt-get install proftpd

To jail all users in their home directories uncomment line

DefaultRoot                     ~

in /etc/proftpd/proftpd.conf. To jail all but one users modify this line as follows:

DefaultRoot                     ~ !<user1>

note that there is a space after ‘~’.

(more…)

How I configured sendmail for PHP on Ubuntu Server 12.04

Preventing sendmail from been very slow

The first thing that I did after installing sendmail with

aptitude install sendmail

is I put “gate.localhost” (gate is my server name) to /etc/hosts so it looks like this:

127.0.0.1       localhost.localdomain localhost
127.0.1.1       gate.localhost gate

# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
::1     ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters

With default /etc/hosts containing only “gate” and “localhostsendmail hangs up for a while and writes to /var/log/mail.log the following message:

My unqualified host name (gate) unknown; sleeping for retry.

(more…)

Change the size of virtual memory under Widows 7

On my PC with 6GB of RAM under Windows 7 the paging file size is set to 6014 MB by default (its initial size is equal to amount of RAM, as follows from article Change the size of virtual memory on Microsoft’s website):

SNAGHTML3b49d6e5

(more…)

Securing Apache web server on Ubuntu Linux

Running Apache virtual hosts as different users

By default, Apache on Ubuntu executes all PHP scripts under www-data user, hence in situations where multiple mutually distrusting users have the possibility to put their PHP scripts on the server they could potentially spy on each other private data.

For example, the user user1 could put a PHP script that access file ‘file1.txt’ belonging to user2:

echo file_get_contents("/home/user2/www/file1.txt");

(more…)