Category Archives: Ubuntu

How to rename multiple files in Linux

The following bash script renames all the files matching src_name.* with dst_name.*:

src_name=$1
dst_name=$2
unset $1
cp $src_name.* ~/temp/
cd ~/temp/
rename "s/$src_name\.([a-z]+)/$dst_name\.\$1/" *
cd -
mv ~/temp/$dst_name.* .

If you have some files like src1.h and src1.cpp, you can save this script into dupsource.sh file, for example, and then rename those files with src2.h and src2.cpp using the following command:

dupsource.sh src1 src2

The script requires ~/temp directory to exist and be writable.

What packages QAudioDecoder may require on Ubuntu and CentOS?

If QAudioDecoder does not decode mp3, reporting a format error (GStreamer; Unable to start decoding process), the following package can help:
On Ubuntu:

apt-get install gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3

On CentOS:

yum -y install http://li.nux.ro/download/nux/dextop/el7/x86_64/nux-dextop-release-0-5.el7.nux.noarch.rpm
yum install gstreamer{,1}-plugins-ugly

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How to convert mp3 to wav in Ubuntu

Install sox tool with mp3 support:

apt-get install sox
apt-get install libsox-fmt-mp3
sox file.mp3 file.wav

Basically that is all, but if you need to check resulting wav file parameters like channels, sample rate, precision, duration, bit rate, etc…, use soxi command:
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Detecting memory leaks of C++ application in Ubuntu

First, I tried Valgrind tool using the following command:

valgrind --tool=memcheck --leak-check=yes ./app

With some large QT application started for some short period I got the following output:

==7090== HEAP SUMMARY:
==7090==     in use at exit: 5,623,365 bytes in 36,268 blocks
==7090==   total heap usage: 32,454,680 allocs, 32,418,412 frees, 12,822,939,874 bytes allocated
................................
==7090== LEAK SUMMARY:
==7090== definitely lost: 20,163 bytes in 74 blocks
==7090== indirectly lost: 60,053 bytes in 1,273 blocks
==7090== possibly lost: 396,167 bytes in 2,169 blocks
==7090== still reachable: 4,834,822 bytes in 31,576 blocks
==7090== suppressed: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==7090== Reachable blocks (those to which a pointer was found) are not shown.
==7090== To see them, rerun with: --leak-check=full --show-leak-kinds=all
==7090==
==7090== For counts of detected and suppressed errors, rerun with: -v
==7090== Use --track-origins=yes to see where uninitialised values come from
==7090== ERROR SUMMARY: 20905 errors from 1583 contexts (suppressed: 15 from 2)
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Compiling GDAL on Ubuntu Linux with SQLite and MySQL support

Fist install MySQL client libraries and check their location:

apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev
find / -name '*libmysqlclient*'

Then install SQLite:

sudo apt-get install sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev

Extract GDAL sources and configure supported modules (MySQL and SQLite are not compiled by default, so we need to specify them explicitly):

unzip gdal211.zip
cd gdal-2.1.1/
./configure --with-sqlite3 --with-mysql

this will output “MySQL support: yes” and “SQLite support: yes” along with other information.

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How to find files by permission on Ubuntu

Today I accidentally changed permissions of all the files in some folder /usr/lib/git-core with the following command:

chmod o-rx *

At first I thought that I have broken my system, but in few minutes I remembered that I have the same distribution on some other machine, I listed the same folder on this machine and used the following commands to restore original permissions:

chmod o+rx *
find -maxdepth 1 -type f -perm 645 -exec chmod o-x {} \;

645 means the files that initially were -rw-r–r— and became -rw-r–r-x. This two commands saved me a lot of time. After that I even count the number of files with all permission combinations:

find -maxdepth 1 -type f -perm 644 | wc -l
find -maxdepth 1 -type f -perm 755 | wc -l
find -maxdepth 1 -type f -perm -o=x | wc -l

Installing Git on Ubuntu 12.04 and enabling HTTP access with Nginx

Git is a good alternative for developers who need a version control supported on both Windows and Linux platforms. Below I provided basic steps for installing Git on Ubuntu 12.04 and enabling HTTP access to the repositories with Nginx web server.

Installing required packages

First, we need to install Nginx and Git packages:

apt-get install nginx git

by default Nginx processes will run as www-data, (check “user” keyword in /etc/nginx/nginx.conf configuration file). Git installation has not created any user yet.

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Installing Jabber Messaging Service on Ubuntu 12.04

Ejabberd (Jabber daemon written in Erlang programming language) can be easily installed on Ubuntu 12.04 Server (Precise Pangolin) with the following command:

apt-get install ejabberd

The only steps needed to make Ejabberd work after the installation are to specify admin user and hostname in /etc/ejabberd/ejabberd.cfg file:

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%% Options which are set by Debconf and managed by ucf

%% Admin user
{acl, admin, {user, "admin", "developernote.com"}}.

%% Hostname
{hosts, ["developernote.com"]}.

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

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Nginx 502 Bad Gateway error after updating Ubuntu 12.04

Today I updated my Ubuntu Server to 12.04.5 LTS (release 12.04, codename: precise), and got “502 Bad Gateway” on all my websites.

I checked Nginx log files and found that Nginx cannot open the socket created by PHP-FPM:

2014/09/11 19:01:03 [crit] 2741#0: *107 connect() to unix:/var/run/www-devnote.sock failed (13: Permission denied) while connecting to upstream, client: XXX.XX.X.XX, server: ~^(www\.)?(?<domain>.+)$, request: “GET /2014/04/using-a-wpf-control-in-a-mfc-application/ HTTP/1.1”, upstream: “fastcgi://unix:/var/run/www-devnote.sock:”, host: “developernote.com”

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How to encrypt MySQL database in Ubuntu 12.04 LTS

encrypt MySQL databaseProbably, the easiest way to encrypt MySQL database in Ubuntu is by using ecryptfs-utils. Install ecryptfs-utils:

apt-get install ecryptfs-utils

Mount /usr/local/encrypted directory and create mdf directory for MySQL data files (you will be prompted for passphrase and other options):

mkdir /usr/local/encrypted
mount -t ecryptfs /usr/local/encrypted /usr/local/encrypted
cd /usr/local/encrypted
mkdir mdf
chug.sh mysql mdf
chmod og-rwx mdf

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