The code below demonstrates how to parse GUID in C++ using a regular expression:

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <regex>

int main()
{
    static const std::wregex regex(L"[0-9a-fA-F]{8}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-[0-9a-fA-F]{12}");
    
    std::wstring sample = L"850fe1da-0ea6-c1a8-9810-0c1cece30698";

    std::match_results<std::wstring::const_iterator> match;

    if (std::regex_match(sample, match, regex))
    {
        std::wcout << L"matches" << std::endl;
    }
    else
    {
        std::wcout << L"does not match" << std::endl;
    }

    return 0;
}

For example, std::forward comes to play if I implement a template container with two ‘insert‘ function overloads that take the parameters of type const T & and T && respectively. I implement all the private insertion logic with T&&, but when I need to know the original value type passed to ‘insert‘ method I use std::forward as shown in the example below:

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

class Value
{
public:

    Value(const char * sz) : m_s(sz)
    {
    }

    Value(const Value & other) : m_s(other.m_s)
    {
        std::cout << "copy constructor: " << m_s << std::endl;
    }

    Value(Value && other) : m_s(std::move(other.m_s))
    {
        std::cout << "move constructor: " << m_s << std::endl;
    }

    const std::string & ToString() const
    {
        return m_s;
    }

private:

    std::string m_s;
};

The string representation of a type is implementation defined in C++, for example the following code produce the different output with MSVC, GCC and CLang:

#include <string>
#include <iostream>

struct A {};
class B {};

namespace ns
{
    struct X {};
}

int main()
{
    std::cout << typeid(A).name() << ", " << typeid(B).name() << ", " << typeid(ns::X).name() << ", " << typeid(std::string).name() << std::endl;
    return 0;
}