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This is a draft version of the post. It’ll be revised.

Installing Ubuntu Server

1. Download the latest version of Ubuntu Server. Note that it is not possible to convert Ubuntu 32 bit to 64 bit. The only way is to do a clean install.
2. Create a bootable USB stick using Pen Drive Linux’s USB Installer.
3. Boot up from USB and install Ubuntu Server. During the installation you can switch to terminal mode by pressing Alt+F2 and switch back by pressing Alt+F1.

Update the server:

aptitude update
aptitude safe-upgrade

Install SSH with tasksel, FTP and sendmail with apt-get. To configure FTP and sendmail see Installing and configuring FTP server on Ubuntu and How I configured sendmail for PHP on Ubuntu Server 12.04.

Append the following to /etc/bash.bashrc:

PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/shared_sh

# enable color support of ls and also add handy aliases
if [ -x /usr/bin/dircolors ]; then
    test -r ~/.dircolors && eval "$(dircolors -b ~/.dircolors)" || eval "$(dircolors -b)"
    alias ls='ls --color=auto'
    #alias dir='dir --color=auto'
    #alias vdir='vdir --color=auto'

    alias grep='grep --color=auto'
    alias fgrep='fgrep --color=auto'
    alias egrep='egrep --color=auto'
fi

# some more ls aliases
alias ll='ls -alF'
alias la='ls -A'
alias l='ls -CF'

Installing LEMP

Installing MySQL

Install MySQL server by running

apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client

During the installation you will be prompted to provide a password for the MySQL root user.

To ensure that MySQL works login from the command line:

mysql -u root -p<root password>

Installing Nginx

Install and start Nginx as follows:

apt-get install nginx
/etc/init.d/nginx start

To ensure that Nginx works type in your web server’s IP address or hostname into a browser and you should see the following page:

Installing PHP5

Install PHP5 with the following command

apt-get install php5-fpm php5-cli

then check witch PHP5 modules are installed by default:

php -m

and install missing modules:

apt-get install php5-mysql php5-gd php5-curl php-apc

Configure each module by editing /etc/php5/conf.d/*.conf files. To increase the size of shared memory segment used by APC module from its default value “32M” to “128M” append line

apc.shm_size="128M"

to /etc/php5/conf.d/apc.ini.

Configuring user permissions

Create user ‘devnote’

useradd -d /home/devnote -m devnote

Add user ‘www-data’ to group ‘devnote’ (Nginx reads static files (*.jpg, *.png, etc) as www-data and PHP-FPM reads and executes PHP scripts as devnote ).

usermod -a -G devnote www-data

Restart Nginx

/etc/init.d/nginx restart

Creating a user and group with explicit IDs

For a new account such as tradebrains, explicitly setting the UID, primary GID, home directory and shell makes the configuration predictable and easier to reproduce when migrating servers. First check that UID and GID 1033 are unused; both commands should produce no output:

getent passwd 1033
getent group 1033

If both IDs are free and the user and group names do not already exist, create the group and account:

sudo groupadd -g 1033 tradebrains
sudo useradd -u 1033 -g tradebrains -m -d /home/tradebrains -s /bin/bash tradebrains
sudo chmod u=rwx,g=rx,o= /home/tradebrains

The -m option creates the home directory with the default skeleton files. The symbolic permissions give the owner full access, allow group members to read and traverse the directory, and deny access to other users. If password login is needed, set a password separately:

sudo passwd tradebrains