Category Archives: Ubuntu

Migrating my VPS from Ubuntu 16.04 to Ubuntu 24.04

Migrating the users and groups

Copied my groups from /etc/group:

dmitriano:x:1000:
slogpost:x:1001:www-data,bak
beauty:x:1009:www-data,bak
test1:x:1012:www-data,beauty,dmitriano,devnote,bak
test2:x:1013:www-data,bak
devnote:x:1018:www-data,bak
exchange:x:1025:
git:x:1026:www-data,bak
game:x:1027:www-data,bak
shar:x:1029:www-data,bak
bak:x:1032:
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Using tcpdump with OpenVPN

VPN service opens tun0 device in the docker container:

sudo docker exec -it 966f926484bc sh
/opt/Dockovpn # ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 02:42:AC:11:00:03
          inet addr:172.17.0.3  Bcast:172.17.255.255  Mask:255.255.0.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:20553 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:20539 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:14609434 (13.9 MiB)  TX bytes:14757264 (14.0 MiB)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)

tun0      Link encap:UNSPEC  HWaddr 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00
          inet addr:10.8.0.1  P-t-P:10.8.0.2  Mask:255.255.255.255
          UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:7825 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:12572 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:500
          RX bytes:1673378 (1.5 MiB)  TX bytes:12115333 (11.5 MiB)
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Connecting to OpenVPN from an Android device

I cloned repository https://github.com/dockovpn/dockovpn and updated config/server.conf to increase the server log verbosity by setting verb to 4:

port 1194
proto %HOST_TUN_PROTOCOL%
dev tun
ca /etc/openvpn/ca.crt
cert /etc/openvpn/MyReq.crt
key /etc/openvpn/MyReq.key
dh /etc/openvpn/dh.pem
server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0
ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt
push "redirect-gateway def1 bypass-dhcp"
push "dhcp-option DNS 208.67.222.222"
push "dhcp-option DNS 208.67.220.220"
duplicate-cn
keepalive 10 120
cipher AES-256-GCM
ncp-ciphers AES-256-GCM:AES-256-CBC
auth SHA512
persist-key
persist-tun
status openvpn-status.log
verb 4
tls-server
tls-version-min 1.2
tls-auth /etc/openvpn/ta.key 0
crl-verify /etc/openvpn/crl.pem
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Viewing image metadata on Ubuntu 22.04

sudo apt install imagemagick
identify -verbose my-image.jpg
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Converting MP4 to GIF with ffmpeg

I was able to convert MP4 to GIF with ffmpeg with the following commands on Ubuntu 22.04:

ffmpeg \
  -i iphone884.mp4 \
  -r 15 \
  -vf "scale=512:-1,split[s0][s1];[s0]palettegen[p];[s1][p]paletteuse" \
  -ss 00:00:03 -to 00:00:06 \
  iphone884.gif

ffmpeg \
  -i iphone884.mp4 \
  -r 15 \
  -vf "scale=300:-1,split[s0][s1];[s0]palettegen[p];[s1][p]paletteuse" \
  iphone884.gif

Creating disk image with Ubuntu Live

First, connect to Ubuntu Live with SSH:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install ssh
sudo passwd ubuntu

List disks and partitions:

sudo lsblk -o NAME,FSTYPE,SIZE,MOUNTPOINT,LABEL
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Installing GCC13 on Ubuntu 22.04

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-toolchain-r/test
sudo apt update
sudo apt install gcc-13 g++-13
ll /usr/bin/gcc-13
ll /usr/bin/g++-13
update-alternatives --display gcc
ll /etc/alternatives/g*
sudo update-alternatives --remove-all gcc 
sudo update-alternatives --remove-all g++
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-13 10 --slave /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-13
g++ --version
gcc --version

Building RenderDoc for Android on WSL

I cloned the repository, created build directory, set environment variables and run CMake:

git clone https://github.com/baldurk/renderdoc.git
cd renderdoc/
mkdir build-android
cd build-android
export JAVA_HOME=~/dev/repos/graphicsprofiler/tools/buildtools/jdk
export ANDROID_SDK=~/dev/repos/graphicsprofiler/tools/buildtools/android
export ANDROID_NDK=~/dev/repos/graphicsprofiler/tools/buildtools/android/ndk-bundle/android-ndk-r20b
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
cmake -DBUILD_ANDROID=On -DANDROID_ABI=armeabi-v7a ..
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How I installed VNC on Ubuntu 22.04

I followed this guide, run the following command from WSL:

ssh -L 59000:localhost:5901 -C -N -l dmitriano $VNC_IP

and was able to connect with UltraVNC client:

Installed FireFox browser as described here.

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Connecting to Ubuntu 22.04 with Remote Desktop

I simply installed:

sudo apt install ubuntu-desktop-minimal -y
sudo apt install xrdp -y
systemctl status xrdp

and was able to connect with Remote Desktop from Windows as root user:

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